Presencia del SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) en las aguas residuales y el papel de las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales en su eliminación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15665/rp.v20i1.2711Palabras clave:
WRRF, SARS, coronavirus, wastewater, WWTPResumen
El presente articulo proporciona una visión general de la presencia del virus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). La presencia del virus fue investigada por medio del método RT-PCR que permitió la identificación de los virus patógenos humanos predominantes que se encuentran en el agua residual y que viaja por medio de las alcantarillas urbanas. Se requiere información para presentar si las PTAR son suficiente para eliminar el virus o de lo contrario habría que implementar un paso adicional, por lo que se presentan las primeras investigaciones hechas alrededor del mundo: China, Australia, países Bajos, Estados Unidos, Francia y la India, en las que señalan, que si hay presencia de SARS-CoV-2 en aguas residuales y sobre todo se considera que las aguas residuales liberadas de los centros de cuarentena, hospitales u hogares con pacientes con COVID-19 desempeñan un papel potencial en la propagación de la infección. Por otro lado, se describieron las diferentes etapas de las plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales en las cuales se determina si existe la presencia del virus SARS-CoV-2; teniendo en cuenta los análisis en cada una de ellas se describió los porcentajes de concentración del virus en el agua que ha sido tratada y además se presentaron los casos que han sido investigados alrededor del mundo, complementando las investigaciones ya realizadas en plantas de tratamiento de aguas residuales asociadas al primer evento de coronavirus en años anteriores. Las etapas finales en los procesos de detección del virus SARS-CoV-2 asistirán en la toma de decisiones para el uso del cloro o diferentes productos para su eliminación, así como también se vinculará la implementación de mecanismos con luces ultravioletas para la completa eliminación del virus en aguas ya tratadas, esto con el fin de proporcionar soluciones al manejo de aguas debidamente tratadas en las plantas de aguas residuales.
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