BAGAZO DE MALTA (BSG): BIORRESIDUO CON POTENCIAL APLICACIÓN A NIVEL FUNCIONAL, MATERIAL Y ENERGÉTICO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15665/rp.v19i1.2472Resumen
La producción de cerveza corresponde a una de las agroindustrias más importantes del mundo. Según la FAO, se producen 113.654 millones de toneladas de cerveza al año, que implican una producción incontrolada de residuos, de los cuales el 85% corresponde al bagazo de malta (BSG), un residuo altamente contaminante que eleva los índices de materia orgánica al disponerse de manera inapropiada en vertederos y rellenos sanitarios. No obstante, la incorporación de esta biomasa hacia otros procesos productivos como alternativa para el cierre de ciclos y propiciar una economía circular resulta de gran utilidad. La presente revisión, tiene como propósito mostrar el nivel de evidencia científica existente en el aprovechamiento de BSG, como un sistema integrado que permita la producción de cervezas sostenibles, haciendo énfasis en la producción de metabolitos útiles en procesos fermentativos que le otorgan valor agregado para su explotación como materia prima en la obtención de alimentos funcionales, biomateriales, carbon activado y biocombustibles.
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