Blockchain Architecture for Decentralized Platforms: Models, Components, and Evaluation

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15665/2zs0qp83

Keywords:

Blockchain Architecture, NFT, Smart Contracts, Decentralized Storage, Scalability, Interoperability, Security.

Abstract

The design of decentralized blockchain-based platforms represents a complex architectural challenge that requires balancing the principles of decentralization, security, and scalability with practical requirements of performance, cost, and user experience. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of blockchain architecture, synthesizing theoretical models of storage and consensus with practical implementation components. Starting from a review of storage architectures (on-chain, off-chain, hybrid) and scalability mechanisms (sharding, rollups), a multi-layer reference architecture for digital asset platforms is proposed, detailing the frontend, backend, persistence, and blockchain layer components. Through an illustrative case study of a digital art commercialization platform in the Department of Atlántico (Colombia), the implementation of these decisions is exemplified, highlighting the use of Polygon (MATIC), ERC-721/1155 standards, and IPFS. Finally, critical trade-offs, open challenges in interoperability and governance are discussed, and future directions for research and development in this field are offered. The main contribution is a unified framework that guides the design of robust, efficient, and accessible blockchain systems.

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Published

2026-06-30

Issue

Vol. 24 No. 2 (2026): Julio - Diciembre

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2026 Esmeide Alberto Leal Narváez, Nallig Leal, Fabian Ramos, Danilo Torres, Carlos Diaz

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How to Cite

Blockchain Architecture for Decentralized Platforms: Models, Components, and Evaluation. (2026). Journal Prospectiva, 24(2). https://doi.org/10.15665/2zs0qp83