Funcionamento executivo e traços de personalidade disfuncionais em jovens adultos: uma abordagem dimensional centrada na impulsividade

Autores

  • Víctor Manuel Pardo Maza Universidad de San Buenaventura seccional Cartagena
  • Aura Manjarrez Navarro Universidad de San Buenaventura seccional Cartagena
  • Ruth Caicedo Ruiz Universidad de San Buenaventura seccional Cartagena
  • Silvia Stephania Ayala Pineda Universidad de San Buenaventura seccional Cartagena
  • David Mendoza Martinez Universidad de San Buenaventura seccional Cartagena
  • Mariana Pino Melgarejo Universidad Autónoma del Caribe image/svg+xml

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15665/ckfhjs58

Palavras-chave:

funcionamento executivo, impulsividade, personalidade, autorregulação, adultos jovens

Resumo

O funcionamento executivo (FE) compreende um conjunto de processos cognitivos de ordem superior envolvidos na autorregulação comportamental e emocional. Diversos modelos teóricos propuseram que as diferenças individuais nesses processos estão associadas a variações nos traços de personalidade, particularmente aqueles relacionados à impulsividade. No entanto, as evidências empíricas sobre essa relação em populações jovens não clínicas ainda são limitadas.


O objetivo do presente estudo foi examinar a relação entre o funcionamento executivo e os traços disfuncionais de personalidade numa amostra de estudantes universitários jovens a partir de uma perspectiva dimensional. Foi utilizado um desenho correlacional transversal com 100 participantes (55 mulheres; idade média = 21,9 anos), avaliados através do Ineco Frontal Screening (IFS) e do Teste de Salamanca. As associações foram analisadas utilizando correlações de Spearman com correção por comparações múltiplas, complementadas com modelos de regressão linear múltipla com erros padrão robustos (HC3) e técnicas de regressão penalizada (Elastic Net e LASSO).


Os resultados indicaram que, após aplicar a correção por comparações múltiplas, apenas o traço impulsivo se associou significativamente ao funcionamento executivo global (Rho = −0,32, p-FDR = 0,013). As análises ao nível dos domínios mostraram associações bivariadas entre a impulsividade e os índices de controlo inibitório e memória de trabalho, enquanto as análises ao nível dos subcomponentes revelaram associações robustas com tarefas que avaliam o controlo inibitório, a memória de trabalho verbal e visuoespacial, bem como a abstração verbal. Os modelos de regressão penalizada evidenciaram um padrão consistente de preditores executivos, o que corrobora a robustez das associações observadas.



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2026-08-27

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Funcionamento executivo e traços de personalidade disfuncionais em jovens adultos: uma abordagem dimensional centrada na impulsividade. (2026). Encuentros, 24(01), 33-49. https://doi.org/10.15665/ckfhjs58

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